Multiple-choice tests in teaching software engineers : how applied and how applicable?

Although computer-aided assessment has been developed since late 1980’s, advantages and disadvantages of multiple-choice tests (MCTs), as opposed to traditional academic techniques (such as essays), are still greatly debated. This paper overviews current practice of application of MCTs in Computing and generally outlines their applicability in teaching Software Engineering, as a subject area in HE

On the rhythmic parameter of speech genres

The article examines one of the formal parameters of the primary speech genres. The material of the study were Russian spoken dialogues. The author shows the importance of brief reactive statements as a signal of certain communicative actions of the speaker. Brief responses correct interaction of the communicants, indicating the actual com- munication line and ensuring mutual adaptation of the communicants to changing communication conditions. The rhythmical parameter of spoken dialogue is perceived directly and is a way to design a strategy of communication coordination

О ритмическом параметре жанров разговорной речи

The article examines one of the formal parameters of the primary speech genres. The material of the study were Russian spoken dialogues. The author shows the importance of brief reactive statements as a signal of certain communicative actions of the speaker. Brief responses correct interaction of the communicants, indicating the actual com- munication line and ensuring mutual adaptation of the communicants to changing communication conditions. The rhythmical parameter of spoken dialogue is perceived directly and is a way to design a strategy of communication coordination

Tonalʹnostʹ razgovornogo teksta: tri sposoba opisaniâ

The article is methodological in character. The author admits the possibility of analysing the text of conversational dialogical productions and offers to use the over-all descrip- . tion o f text categories. The category of the musical key makes it possible to show the combination of the description o f the field (which allows one to pick out the functiostylistical nucleus of the category), of speech-action (which determines the composition of the tactics and strategies of typical speech) and of genre (this category is examined as one of the parameters o f the categorial frame of genre)

О ритмическом параметре жанров разговорной речи

The article examines one of the formal parameters of the primary speech genres. The material of the study were Russian spoken dialogues. The author shows the importance of brief reactive statements as a signal of certain communicative actions of the speaker. Brief responses correct interaction of the communicants, indicating the actual com- munication line and ensuring mutual adaptation of the communicants to changing communication conditions. The rhythmical parameter of spoken dialogue is perceived directly and is a way to design a strategy of communication coordination

Charakterystyka adsorpcji kombinowanego kolektora sulfhydrylowego na chalkopirycie i arsenopirycie w flotacji złożonych rud złota

The paper presents the results of experimental study of the adsorption properties of the combined sulfhydril collecting reagent – a mixed solution of sodium diethyl-dithiocarbamate (DEDTC) and oxypropyl diethyl-dithiocarbamate ester (OPDTC) towards chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite with a view to its application as a selective collector of Au-containing sulfide minerals in flotation of complex refractory ores. Combined diethyl-dithiocarbamate solution (DEDTCc) incorporated a fixed content of anionic and non-ionic components (DEDTC:OPDTC = 1:1) and occurred variable hydrophobic effect on the surface of the basic gold-bearing sulfide minerals – chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite. The mechanism of adsorption of the components of combined collector on the surface of chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite was identified to form characteristic molecular shape of adsorbed collector convex neoplasms and sinter chemically adsorbed film of the reactant, which is firmly anchored on the surface. The newly formed phase of the adsorbed reagent did not dissolve in water at a subsequent washing. In this case, the phase of nonionic ester OPDTC was partially removed by water and the residual adsorbed droplets changed their shape and became flatter. By X-ray microanalysis C and O bands relating to the structure of the combined DEDTCc were identified on the surface of arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite. The original technic for analyzing the liner dimension of surface images with an application of scanning laser microscopy and the software of the Analyzer was developed and the authors succeeded to provide a quantitative evaluation of the adsorption of DEDTCc on the surface of chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite.W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych właściwości adsorpcyjnych kombinowanego odczynnika zbierającego sulfhydryl – mieszanego roztworu dietyloditiokarbaminianu sodu (DEDTC) i estru oksypropylodietyloditiokarbaminianowego (OPDTC) w kierunku chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu w celu jego zastosowania selektywny kolektor minerałów siarczkowych zawie- rających Au w flotacji złożonych rud ogniotrwałych. Połączony roztwór dietylo-ditiokarbaminianu (DEDTCc) zawierał stałą zawartość składników anionowych i niejonowych (DEDTC: OPDTC = 1: 1) i zaobserwowano zmienny efekt hydrofobowy na powierzchni podstawowych minerałów siarczkowych niosących złoto - chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu. Mechanizm adsorpcji składników kombinowanego kolektora na powierzchni chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu został zidentyfikowany jako charakterystyczny skład molekularny adsorbowanego kolektora chemicznie zaadsorbowanych cząsteczek reagenta, który jest mocno zakotwiczony na powierzchni. Nowo utworzona faza zaadsorbowanego odczynnika nie rozpuszczała się w wodzie podczas kolejnego płukania. W tym przypadku faza niejonowego estru OPDTC została częściowo usunięta przez wodę, a resztkowe zaadsorbowane kropelki zmieniły swój kształt i stały się bardziej płaskie. Za pomocą mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej zidentyfikowano pasma C i O dotyczące struktury połączonego DEDTCc na powierzchni arsenopirytu i chalkopirytu. Opracowano oryginalną technikę analizy wymiaru liniowego obrazów powierzchni za pomocą skaningowej mikroskopii laserowej i oprogramowania analizatora, a autorom udało się określić ilościową ocenę adsorpcji DEDTCc na powierzchni chalkopirytu i arsenopirytu

Adsorpcja kolektorów IM-50 i TOFA na kasyterycie w procesie flotacji odpadów siarczków cyny

The paper presents the results of experimental study of the adsorption characteristic of the IM-50 and tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) collector reagents on cassiterite. UV-spectrophotometric method, scanning electron and laser microscopy were applied to analyze the adsorption of the reagents. SHIMADZU UV 1800 was used to obtain the UV spectra of aqueous solutions of IM-50 reagents and saponified TOFA at varied concentrations. IM-50 has not got characteristic adsorption maxima in ultraviolet and visible spectrum. TOFA has a weakly pronounced maximum absorption in the range of 233-244 nm. Microscopic photographs of cassiterite sections were obtained with LEO 1420VP INCA equipped OXFORD ENERGY 350 analyzer. Reagent IM-50 and TOFA collector reagent, Newly formed organic matter phases of IM-50 and TOFA were detected. X-ray spectra characterized the increased carbon content indicating adsorption on the surface of cassiterite IM-5- and TOFA. By measuring the surface relief parameters of polished cassiterite, using KEYENCE VK-9700 scanning laser microscopy and VK-Analyzer software, a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the IM-50 and TOFA reagent layer on the cassiterite surface was performed. Measurements were performed in the several fields of view and showed the degree of IM-50 coating varied from 40.5 to 42.6% of the surface area, and TOFA average coating was 38.5%. Subsequent washing with water does not remove the reagents from the surface of the mineral and indicates a strong fixation of IM-50 and TOFA on cassiterite, which can have a positive effect on flotation extraction of sludge tin fractions. Qualitative and quantitative results of the reagent adsorption helped to make a forecast of their floatability by the studied collectors. This study is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-17-01292).W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych charakterystyki adsorpcji odczynników kolektorowych IM-50 i kwasów tłuszczowych oleju talowego (TOFA) na kasyterycie. Do analizy adsorpcji odczynników zastosowano metodę spektrofotometryczną UV, skaningową mikroskopię elektronową i laserową. SHIMADZU UV 1800 zastosowano do uzyskania widm UV wodnych roztworów odczynników IM-50 i zmydlonego TOFA w różnych stężeniach. IM-50 nie ma charakterystycznych maksimów adsorpcji w widmie ultrafioletowym i widzialnym. TOFA ma słabo wyraźną maksymalną absorpcję w zakresie 233–244 nm. Zdjęcia mikroskopowe przekrojów kasyterytów uzyskano za pomocą analizatora OXFORD ENERGY 350 wyposażonego w LEO 1420VP INCA. Wykryto nowo powstałe fazy materii organicznej IM-50 i TOFA. Widma rentgenowskie charakteryzowały zwiększoną zawartość węgla wskazującą na adsorpcję na powierzchni kasyterytów IM-5- i TOFA. Mierząc parametry wypukłości powierzchni polerowanego kasyterytu, stosując skaningową mikroskopię laserową KEYENCE VK-9700 i oprogramowanie VK-Analyzer, przeprowadzono jakościową i ilościową ocenę warstwy odczynnika IM-50 i TOFA na powierzchni kasyterytu. Pomiary przeprowadzono w kilku polach widzenia i stwierdzono no stopień pokrycia IM-50 wahający się od 40,5 do 42,6% pola powierzchni, a średnie pokrycie TOFA wynosiło 38,5%. Późniejsze przemycie wodą nie usuwa odczynników z powierzchni minerału i wskazuje na silne utrwalenie IM-50 i TOFA na kasyterycie, co może mieć pozytywny wpływ na ekstrakcję flotacyjną frakcji szlamu i cyny. Jakościowe i ilościowe wyniki adsorpcji odczynników pomogły w opracowaniu prognozy ich flotowalności za pomocą badanych kolektorów. Badanie jest wspierane przez Russian Science Foundation (projekt nr 17-17-01292)

Александр Константинович Матвеев. Ономатолог и исследователь древних языковых контактов

The article considers the personality and research activity of Aleksandr Konstantinovich Matveev (1926–2010), an outstanding Russian linguist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and professor of Ural State University (presently, Ural Federal University). Specializing in the study of proper names (onomatology), Professor Matveev argued that the class of geographical names was crucial for the reconstruction of ethno-historical data on the former distribution of tribes and peoples in the vast territories of present-day Russia.Among his achievements is the development of principles and methods of onomastic research based on field material collected by means of frontal survey. With the view of collecting linguistic material, A. K. Matveev established the Toponymic Expedition of Ural University that explored a number of northern regions of European Russia as well as the Northern and Middle Urals. During a 50-year period, the expedition collected millions on onomastic and lexical units. The unique card files stored at the department established by him at Ural Federal University are used as a basis for theses and other research as well as dictionaries, and they are used to correct cartographic data.The central issue of the scholar's research was that of substrate in Russian toponymy. Together with his acolytes and colleagues, he searched for Finno-Ugric (Chud) and Merya language heritage in the Russian North, and Mansi loan words in the Northern Urals. The research material was analyzed with the help of a complex of methods (i. e. interlingual phonetic and other comparisons, the linguo-geographic method of cartographing and comparisons with data provided by related disciplines). Professor Matveev’s findings and the find ings of the Ural Toponymic Research School appear in onomastic and lexical dictionaries. The final conclusions of their toponymic research go far beyond linguistics and have a historico-ethnic character.Professor Matveev is an eminent figure who evokes the memories of world-famous linguists-travellers of the past. He combines the audacity of a discoverer, the rigor of a scholar—including excellent organizing skills—the spirit of a zealous protector of his homeland’s spiritual culture and the talent of a teacher. People were drawn to him by his vast erudition and versatile interests, and his humaneness combined with devotion to his research interests. A. K. Matveev’s Research School and the Toponymic Expedition continue their intensive work until the present day.Описывается личность и научная деятельность выдающегося русского лингвиста, члена-корреспондента Российской академии наук, профессора Уральского государственного университета (ныне УрФУ) Александра Константиновича Матвеева (1926–2010). Его научные интересы были сосредоточены на изучении собственных имен (ономатологии), в области которых профессор Матвеев поставил на особую высоту класс географических названий по их значимости для восстановления этноисторических сведений о былом расселении племен и народов на обширных территориях современной России.В его заслуги входит разработка принципов и методов ономастического исследования на основе полевого фронтально собранного материала. Для сбора языкового материала А. К. Матвеевым была организована Топонимическая экспедиция Уральского университета, обследовавшая целый ряд областей севера европейской части России, а также Северного и Среднего Урала и за пятьдесят с лишним лет накопившая миллионы фиксаций ономастических и лексических единиц. Уникальные картотеки экспедиции, хранящиеся на созданной им кафедре в Уральском федеральном университете, служат основой диссертационных и других научных исследований, словарей, корректировки картографических данных.Центральной для ученого являлась проблема субстрата в русской топонимии. Вместе с учениками и коллегами он искал финно-угорское (чудское) и мерянское языковое наследие на Русском Севере, мансийские заимствования — на Северном Урале. Материал исследования изучался комплексно (применялись межъязыковые фонетические и прочие сопоставления, лингвогеографический метод картографирования, сопоставление с данными смежных наук). Результаты работы А. К. Матвеева и основанной им Уральской топонимической научной школы отражены в ономастических и лексических словарях. Конечные же научные выводы топонимических изысканий выходят за пределы лингвистики и носят историко-этнический характер.Профессор Матвеев — яркая личность, заставляющая вспомнить о всемирно известных лингвистах-путешественниках прошлого. В нем со- единены дерзость первооткрывателя, скрупулезность кабинетного ученого, организационные способности, совесть ревнителя отечественной духовной культуры, педагогический талант. Широчайшая эрудиция, разносторонние интересы, человечность при поглощенности своим основным делом привлекали к нему людей. Научная школа А. К. Матвеева и Топонимическая экспедиция продолжают активную деятельность.

Contemporary Research and Developments in the Low-Toxic Chelating Reagents for the Extraction of Non-Ferrous and Noble Metals from Poor Polymetallic Ores and Processing Tailings

An urgent technological, economic and environmental task of mining and metallurgical enterprises is to involve poor, off-balance and hard-to-beneficiate ores in the technological process, as well as accumulated and current waste from mining and metallurgical industries. As the reserves of developed deposits are depleted, technogenic objects may become a priority, and in some cases the only, source of mineral raw materials. Mining wastes represent a large reserve of raw materials for the extraction of non-ferrous and precious metals, and at the same time, they are centers of local or regional environmental pollution. Stale waste re-processing may promote territorial cultivation and reduce the environmental burden. The conventional methods of poor ore and waste treatment do not fully provide for a sufficient separation degree of high metal extraction, and lead to significant valuable ore losses, while the quality of the obtained concentrates often does not meet the requirements for subsequent technological process. In this regard, the development of novel chelating agents with specific functional groups that can selectively adsorb on the mineral surface, change the contrast of chemical surface composition and improve the flotation properties of mineral complexes, is an innovative solution for increasing their flotation selectivity. Furthermore, the synthesis and application of novel flotation reagents may help to replace toxic reagents by ecologically friendly or less-toxic ones